What is ADHD? (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). ADHD is characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.
The DSM-5 outlines specific criteria to diagnose ADHD, which are categorized under two major dimensions:
1. Inattention: Six or more symptoms of inattention for children up to age 16 years, or five or more for adolescents aged 17 and older and adults; symptoms of inattention have been present for at least 6 months, and they are inappropriate for developmental level:
A. Often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with other activities.
B. Often has trouble holding attention on tasks or play activities.
C. Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.
D. Often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace.
E. Often has trouble organizing tasks and activities.
F. Often avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort.
G. Often loses things necessary for tasks and activities.
H. Often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli.
I. Often forgetful in daily activities.
2. Hyperactivity and Impulsivity: Six or more symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity for children up to age 16 years, or five or more for adolescents aged 17 and older and adults; symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity have been present for at least 6 months to an extent that is disruptive and inappropriate for the person’s developmental level:
A. Often fidgets with or taps hands or feet, or squirms in seat.
B. Often fidgets with or taps hands or feet, or squirms in seat.
C. Often leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected.
D. Often runs about or climbs in situations where it is not appropriate.
E. Often unable to play or engage in leisure activities quietly.
F. Often "on the go," acting as if "driven by a motor."
G. Often talks excessively.
H. Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed.
I. Often has trouble waiting their turn.
J. Often interrupts or intrudes on others.
The diagnosis also requires that several symptoms were present before age 12, that they are present in two or more settings (such as at home, school, or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities), and that there is clear evidence that the symptoms interfere with, or reduce the quality of, social, school, or work functioning.
Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, behavior modifications, and educational support.
Frequently Asked Questions
Services
What types of services do you provide?
We provide two main services: psychopharmacology evaluations and medication management. First, you’ll meet with a provider for an evaluation to determine your treatment plan, which may include medication, therapy, lifestyle changes, or other recommendations. Second, if medication is appropriate, our providers will help you manage and adjust your medication to make sure it works effectively.
What is the difference between therapy and medication management?
Therapy, sometimes called “talk therapy,” involves talking with a mental health professional to address mental health issues through dialogue and behavioral strategies. Medication management, on the other hand, is a medical approach where a mental health professional prescribes, monitors, and adjusts psychiatric medication to treat mental health conditions to address your physiological symptoms. Often, a combination of talk therapy and medication management is beneficial.
Does this replace my need for a therapist?
Our providers are here to address your concerns and offer support, but it’s important to note that they are not meant to replace a licensed therapist. Evidence suggests that for many mental health conditions, a combination of medication and psychotherapy is the most effective approach.
How does online psychiatry work?
Virtual psychiatry works just like in-person psychiatry, except instead of sitting in a doctor’s office, you’ll talk to your provider during live video appointments.
What to Expect
What should I expect during a mental health assessment or evaluation?
You’ll connect 1:1 with your new provider to discuss your needs. If appropriate, they’ll prescribe medication and send it to your pharmacy of choice. Regular check-ins will help you track how you’re feeling and any side effects, and your provider will make any needed adjustments.
How do I prepare for my first appointment? How long are typical appointments?
Before your scheduled appointment, you’ll receive new patient forms, which you’ll need to complete in advance. We will also ask for your insurance information, a valid form of identification, a list of any of your current medications, and any relevant medical records or previous psychiatric evaluations.
Typical appointment times vary depending on the nature of your visit and your treatment plan. Initial consultations usually last around 60 minutes, during which you'll have an in-depth discussion with your provider. Follow-up appointments are typically shorter, ranging from 15 to 30 minutes, but this may be adjusted based on your specific needs and progress.
What should I do in case of an emergency or crisis?
If you’re having a medical or mental health emergency, call 911.
Call or text 833-773-2445 for 24/7 Crisis and Mental Health Support from the Massachusetts Behavioral Health Help Line.
Appointments
How do I schedule an appointment?
To schedule an appointment, please fill out our Appointment Request Form. Someone from the Monomoy Health team will contact you for more information and to help schedule your first appointment. We look forward to working with you!
Do you offer virtual/online appointments?
Yes, we offer virtual appointments. That means you can meet with your provider from the comfort of your home. We recommend choosing a well-lit and quiet space for your meeting.
Are my appointments and information confidential?
Yes. We adhere to the highest standards of privacy and confidentiality to ensure that your personal and medical information is safe, and privacy is a top priority in our practice. For more information, please download our HIPAA policy.
Our providers specialize in…
For more information about each of these conditions, click on each word in the list. You will be redirected to dedicated pages provided by the American Psychiatric Association.
- Addiction and Substance Use Disorders
- Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
- Anxiety Disorders
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Bipolar Disorders
- Depression
- Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
- Dissociative Disorders
- Eating Disorders
- Gender Dysphoria
- Hoarding Disorder
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- Opioid Use Disorder
- Perinatal Depression (formerly Postpartum)
- Personality Disorders
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- Prolonged Grief Disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
- Sleep Disorders
- Somatic Symptom Disorder
- Specific Learning Disorder
